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Expert in Refrigeration Technology: Industrial, Energy Efficient, Waste Heat, LiBr/Water System. Carnot Cycle
Available for your Consulting and Expert Witness Needs
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Summary of Expertise:
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Listed with other top experts in: |
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Expert's career has been concentrated on the technology of refrigeration. Expert has extensive experience in industrial refrigeration, commercial refrigeration, and refrigeration for air conditioning systems. His experience includes large ammonia refrigeration systems for food and beverage processing and distribution, very low temperature systems for super-conducting magnet temperatures (3.8 Kelvin), very large water chilling systems for comfort cooling, small packaged refrigeration systems, and supermarket refrigeration systems. Expert has worked with manufacturers, contractors, engineers, and owners of large refrigeration equipment in Japan, Poland, Holland, and New Zealand.
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Expert's primary business the last 25 years has been assisting owners and operators of large ammonia refrigeration systems with technical support in design, construction, start-up, operation, maintenance, upgrading, and personal training. Expert has been responsible for many innovations and new or better products favoring improved thermal performance, cost, and energy effectiveness and easier, more effective maintenance. He has written many articles published in trade magazines and developed extensive training programs for corporations and university continuing education programs.
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For the last 25 years, Expert has periodically been asked to help with commercial refrigeration problems. His experience includes supermarkets, fast food establishments, convenience stores, packaged split systems for warehousing, etc.
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Expert has 30 years experience with heat recovery and the utilization of low level waste heat from refrigeration systems and other energy-intensive processes. This waste heat has been used to warm dock areas, preheat and heat water for clean up systems and boilers, temperature make-up air, and to provide a heat source for higher energy level applications.
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Expert has 35 years experience in the design, application, and operation of heat pumps. This experience includes closed cycle, cascade, open cycle heat pumping for comfort heating, make-up air heating, product drying, water heating (to 300 degrees C) and cooking applications (steam kettles, smoke houses and baking) using low level waste heat as the heat source. Expert has developed a number of unusual innovations in this area.
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Expert's 35 years of experience with thermal storage equipment and systems includes the conceptual design of double falling film evaporators, the development of a variety of components, the solution of field problems, development of operating and control logic, etc. His system experience includes using refrigerated/frozen product as a thermal mass resource, ice on coil (ice bank) systems, ice harvesters, chilled water storage systems, and chemical change thermal storage systems. Expert has written articles on the subject and has done troubleshooting of systems designed, installed, and operated by others.
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Expert has 30 years experience controlling on-peak electrical demand, shifting on-peak demand to cheaper off-peak energy rates, using thermal mass to reduce energy costs, and using thermal mass as a heat source for heat pumps. A great deal of Expert's current work is helping electric utility companies aid their industrial and commercial customers in reducing annual energy consumption, reduce peak period demand and to utilize the existing refrigeration systems, with modified control logic to reduce their utility costs. The typical refrigeration system energy budget can be reduced 20 percent with a little attention and very little capital investment. Reduced energy consumption also reduces the stresses on the machinery and increases its useful life, shaving maintenance and replacement costs. With a more substantial capital investment a reasonable goal appears to be a 50 percent reduction of the annual electric bill, with at least a 30 percent annual return on investment.
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Expert has considerable conceptual, design, and hands-on experience with lithium bromide/water and water/ammonia absorption systems (vapor/liquid), plus experience with ammoniated complex compound adsorption refrigeration systems (vapor/solid). Applications have varied from a reverse cycle LiBr/water system to use waste heat to develop high temperature hot water, to LiBr/water systems for air conditioning, to aqua/ammonia absorption for industrial refrigeration to temperatures as low as minus 60 degrees Fahrenheit evaporating, and a 300 degree Fahrenheit heat sink using ammoniated complex compounds.
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Expert is well qualified in the physics (Carnot cycle, open cycles), multi-stage compression and expansion, cascade systems, and thermodynamics of refrigeration systems, equipment, refrigerants, compression, expansion, evaporation, heat and mass transfer, etc. He has developed extensive Pressure/Enthalpy tables, including extensive superheat information, with a training program for ammonia. Expert uses pH tables and diagrams almost daily to analyze and troubleshoot refrigeration systems
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Expert's expertise includes the removal of non-condensable gases from refrigeration systems. This problem is frequently encountered when evaporation occurs in a vacuum or when a highly compressed refrigerant is discharged from a compressor in conditions that cause the chemical breakdown of the refrigerant.
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Expert has technical and hands-on experience with R-717 (ammonia), helium, carbon dioxide, liquid nitrogen, propane, butane, R-11, R-12, R-22, R-13B1, R-13, R-113, R-114, R-115, R-21, R-502, and air as applied to large refrigeration systems (100 tons to 10,000 tons). Expert prefers to work with ammonia but he has in-depth experience with the other refrigerants thermodynamically, from a toxic and safety position, from environmental perspectives, and from the view of cost and energy effectiveness.
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Expert has application experience, in-depth technical knowledge of, and hands-on experience with reciprocating, single screw, twin screw, sliding vane and centrifugal compressors, mostly for refrigeration. He has experience with direct, belt, semi-hermetic, canned motor, and hermetic drives. Expert's capacity control experience includes cylinder uploaders, hot-gas bypass, slide valve, suction throttling and speed control technologies, compressor cooling technology, desuperheating (prechilling), interstage cooling, oil cooling, jacket and head cooling, and thermal siphons.
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Expert's experience includes flooded, liquid overfeed, falling film, and direct expansion evaporators. These evaporators include prime surface, plate fin extended surface, shell and tube, shell and coil, plate and frame, brazed plate, coaxial, vented surface, and scraped surface types.
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Expert has experience with water cooled, air cooled and evaporative condensers, shell and tube condensers, shell and coil condensers, cooling towers, and coaxial tube condensers. Listed by function, these include condensers for rejecting heat to the atmosphere, condensers to recover low energy level heat, condensers for heat pumps, desuperheaters, parallel condensers, series condensers, etc.
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Expert's expertise includes refrigerant pumps, gas pumps, net positive suction head requirements for pumping systems, minimum flow control, maximum flow control, gear pumps, centrifugal pumps, variable volume pumping systems, recirculated systems, liquid transfer systems, high pressure receivers, low pressure receivers, pilot receivers, controlled pressure receivers, surge receivers, flow-through receivers, liquid-to-suction heat exchangers, liquid subcoolers, etc.
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Expert has extensive experience with the OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM, PHA, etc.) and the EPA Risk Management Program (RMP, toxic end points, fire and explosion hazards) requirements. Expert is familiar with designing, operating, and maintaining refrigeration systems and this includes safety of the public, the environment, operating, and maintenance personnel. He is familiar with the use of safety equipment and the requirements for labeling, monitoring, and safety planning.
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Show Secondary and Basic Areas of Expertise | Localities:
Expert may consult nationally and internationally, and is also local to the following cities: Portland, Oregon;
Eugene, Oregon;
Salem, Oregon;
Gresham, Oregon;
Beaverton, Oregon;
Hillsboro, Oregon;
Springfield, Oregon;
Bend, Oregon;
and Vancouver, Washington.
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Degree |
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Subject |
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Institution |
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1952
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BS
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Systems Engineering
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U.S. Naval Academy
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| Years |
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Employer |
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Title |
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1964 to 2000
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Industrial Refrigeration, Inc.
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1962 to 1964
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Thiokol Chemical
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Plant Manager
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1956 to 1962
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Trane Co.
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Product Manager
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Awards/Recognition
Expert has spoken to various ASHRAE chapters on refrigeration and thermal storage and has served on Technical Committees and presented papers. He has been a speaker at national and international conventions for IIAR and IARW and he has been a speaker for chapter and national meetings for RETA.
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| Selected Consulting Examples: |
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Expert develops and teaches the courses "Design of Ammonia Refrigeration Systems" and "Ammonia Refrigeration Safety." In addition to teaching at the University of Wisconsin, Expert has offered these training programs for a number of owners/operators of refrigeration systems and electric utility customers.
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Recent Client Requests:
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Expert in evaporative water cooler for consulting on refrigeration design.
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Expert for consulting on Using Nitrogen as a refrigerant
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Expert in industrial refrigeration for consultation to identify and quantify potential savings from making operational and capital changes.
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Anhydrous ammonia expert for consulting on simplified leak calculation equation from holes and PRVs.
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Air intake duct expert for consulting on impact of snow on an air intake plenum based on mass flux and height above grade.
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TEMA heat exchanger expert for consulting on cooler design software.
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Expert in how to get cb certificate for refrigeration for consulting on Obtaining CB Certification for Refrigeration Equipment.
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Controlled atmosphere storage expert for consulting on nitrogen cooling system.
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Click the green button above to contact
Expert for a free initial screening call regarding your expert consulting needs.
Expert is available for consulting to corporate, legal and government clients.
Remember, your initial screening call to speak with
Expert is free.
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Recent Litigation Client Requests:
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Expert for consulting on Refrigeration Compressors.
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Expert for consulting on request: refrigeration for patent litigation.
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Ammonia refrigeration expert for consulting on lockout /tagout programs.
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Refrigerator expert for consulting on maintenance and ammonia leaks.
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Expert in refrigeration for consulting on contractor work performance resulting in an ammonia leak.
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Expert in hermetic compressors needed for consulting.
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Click the green button above to contact
Expert for a free initial screening call regarding expert testimony,
litigation consulting and support, forensic services, or any related expert witness services.
A few litigation needs include product liability, personal injury, economic loss, intellectual property
(patent, trademark, trade secret, copyright), and insurance matters. Remember, your initial screening
call to speak with
Expert is free.
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Expert has expertise in refrigeration technical marketing. He has been involved in developing markets for new products and selling big ticket refrigeration systems (as large as $30,000,000).
Click the green button above to contact
Expert for a free initial screening call regarding your marketing research, industry research, and company
research needs. For research needs involving multiple experts or secondary research,
a Research Director can be assigned to coordinate the work into a custom report for you as a potentially quicker
and more cost effective alternative to doing this work yourself or hiring a boutique consultancy.
Remember, your initial screening call to speak with
Expert is free.
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| Additional Skills and Services: |
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Supplier and Vendor Location and Selection Expert has experience locating vendors of: compressors, valves, controls, safety equipment, condensers, evaporators, vessels, tanks, tools, fittings, intercoolers, refrigerants, design services, engineering services, and regulation compliance. He has access to the following resources: printed materials, personal contacts, industry publications, contractors, engineers, service companies, and end users.
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Education
